This was recorded at the Roemer Hotel in Amsterdam, last week, during the Emerging Communications Conference where I spoke about the coming TeleMedia economy.
This interview touches on a variety of topics such as building an audience online, turning attention into money and the use of social media. Below is part 1, part 2 is here.
It was a pleasure and a privilege to be invited to the Telco2.0 Executive Brainstorm event in London, today, and to address a roomful of telecom & media executives that were - as it says in the conference tagline - looking for a way to 'reduce the friction in the digital economy'. After having to listen to some rather bizarre and, sadly, rather 'retro' justifications about why those pesky Internet users and Digital Natives (i.e. our kids) really do need to be threatened with disconnection from the Net if they don't comply with the rules of yesterday's game, delivered with great pathos by the usual lobbyists from UKMusic and Universal Music Group executives (see the list of panelists below), I tried to get down to the bottom line of what the workable alternatives to their Control & Enforcement paradigms could be.
Funny thing is, that in the subsequent vote most people in the audience seemed to actually agree that disconnection and punishment are not going to change anything and are not a suitable path to new revenues... I always wonder why there seems to be strong consensus if people vote (or talk) individually, but if you hear them 'in public' everyone always delivers the good old party line of wanting more control and protection. Why is that? Whose bread we eat whose song we sing... is that it?
I will post a summary here, shortly. In the meantime, here is the slideshow (download the PDF via slideshare). A
See below - omg - there are a lot of videos with me, out there;)). Yubby is here. I liked it so much that I have set up an extra page for this, at www.thefutureofcontent.com
PICNIC09 was a fantastic event and I really enjoyed being there; see my previous blogpost and PDF / Slideshare here. For those of you that regularly cruise on the Autobahn or spend a lot of time in the gym: the audio-only / MP3 version is here. If you prefer Youtube to Vimeo, the GerdTube.com i.e. Youtube versions are available now, too (yes... chopped up in those required 10 minute chunks): Part 1, Part 2, Part 3.
A picture is worth a 1000 words... hopefully you will enjoy these collected 'Social Media & Music' items. I will be doing a workshop about this, at MidemNet 2010, btw.
Google is the master of creative disruption: if you are an Android-OS powered mobile user, great maps and the best navigation tools have just become a available to you, for free. Tough to beat that one, Tom-Tom, Garmin etc - or what? Says Google's blog: "Today we're excited to announce the next step for Google Maps for mobile: Google Maps Navigation (Beta) for Android 2.0 devices. This
new feature comes with everything you'd expect to find in a GPS
navigation system, like 3D views, turn-by-turn voice guidance and
automatic rerouting. But unlike most navigation systems, Google Maps
Navigation was built from the ground up to take advantage of your
phone's Internet connection...."
I just received my new Kindle - the so-called International Edition - and as a result I have started to investigate the most recent electronic book developments. Apart from the Kindle (which I like but whose economic proposition is quite mad, frankly), I also own various Sony Readers and am a heavy Instapaper app user on the iPhone; I use it to read 100s of book-marked web-pages offline, saving 1000s of pages that I used to print.
Looking at what some large book publishers are starting to say about their digital strategies I have been getting a bit worried about a potential repeat of what happened in the music industry, i.e. of trying to keep or even expand 'control over distribution' while attempting a fruitful switch to a digital distribution model. In other words, many publishers seem intent upon using the advent of digital distribution as a way of fixing the 'flaws' of physical media (such as the CD or the book which can easily be traded, shared or lend to someone else). Well, the reality is that in this new digital ecosystem, attaining total control is an impossible mission - and this flawed world view, I think, is main reason behind the global demise of the recorded music industry.
So here, below, is a summary of what I think non-fiction book publishers could learn from the digital music disaster that has been playing out in front of our eyes (and ears) for the past 10 years. Please note that in my opinion, the distinction between fiction and non-fiction publishing is crucial, because we must take socio-cultural contexts, existing user-habits and consumers UI (user-interface) preferences into account.
For one thing, I think that readers of business books are much more likely to adopt eBooks because they are often reading several books at the same time, annotate and bookmark heavily, skip chapters or like to search inside a book - all of which is becoming quite easy to do with the new generation of eBook readers. And many of them like gadgets, too, so that's a good fit. However, people who read novels or other fiction are, in my view, less likely to quickly adopt eBooks on a large scale since the good old interface of printed books still represents a much better emotional i.e. 'touch-feel-smell' value to them.
Let me also point out that while I think book publishers can learn plenty from what happened in digital music, the two businesses are really quite different, and whatever we may discover from the music debacle cannot just be transferred to the eBooks space.
Taking this into account, here are my top 5 tips for book publishers:
Don't (just) sell the copy of the content - sell everything around it. In fact, consider making the mere 'copies of words' (i.e. the raw data, the file) a lot cheaper to obtain from authorized sources but also start creating and offering those added values that are only possible in this coming digital ecosystem. Start building - as Kevin Kelly says - those 'new generatives' that will, over time, probably make up 75% of your total revenues. What do I mean with that? Unique, non-copyable values such as context (e.g. being able to look up a definition of a word or phrase via Wikipedia, or find a precise topic from the book you are reading in other, related books), curation and packaging (e.g. being able to read 'the best' chapters of the top 25 business books in a single, new 'compilation', or having a book edited down to 20 pages or 3 hours of audio so that I can save time and read / hear only the essential stuff), immediacy (e.g. getting the book delivered at the very moment that the last word has been written or edited), and social relevance (e.g. see what my peers are saying about this book, and what comments they may have shared). The exciting thing is that eBooks don't have to be linear any longer - now, they can be linked, amended and interwoven; and guess what: no-one but the author and the publisher can provide these kinds of values. Read my lips i.e. tweets: Unique experiences by unique creators cannot be pirated. Imagine 10s of 1000s of people buying the basic eBook for a very low price but then 30% of them opting to pay an additional 'fan & follower' subscription fee to get all the updates, comments, links, videos and audio versions as well. My advise: look at the initial sale of 'the copy' only as the mere starting point rather than the only way to monetize, look beyond the mere copy. With eBooks, the copy is just the tip of the iceberg.
Don't focus on protection: focus on engagement, on attraction, on enabling followers not pushing enforcement. Realize that the more you empower the user the more money (s)he will give you. Yes, that's the Google way. As trite as it may sound to some of you: in digital content, friction really is fiction: if you keep the price too high, if you don't offer a standardized and open platform, or if you impose burdensome technical restrictions then you simply will be pointing to, or shall we say, sending your customers to those countless illegitimate places where they can just download the free files without any of these hassles. You don't compete with free - you compete with better service, trust and added values!
Don't try to sell what's abundant - sell what is scarce. The 0s and 1s that make up a book's content are and will always be abundantly available to those savvy digital natives, and will be captured by those 'people formerly known as consumers', no matter what you may do to prevent it. No matter how much you hate the idea: copies of digital files are abundant, meaning... close to 'free' - and that's that. What can be sold - based on a powerful, legitimate, low-priced or bundled, ubiquitous, unrestricted and super-attractive access model - is the stuff that's actually scarce which includes my own time (a great example is how the 'Wired' guru and Longtail prophet Chris Anderson sells the edited audio version of his new book "Free" for $7.49 while the basic, long-form MP3 is free), powerful creation, extra services such as special audio and video versions, and so on.
Technical copy protection or so-called digital rights management measures (DRM/TPM) are guaranteed not to work unless they are 100% invisible and actually add value to the user experience - in which case they become more like CRM. Most of the time, DRM is an insult to the legitimate buyers, and utterly useless in terms of actual protection simply because it is trying to solve a business problem with technological measures. It prevents (and insults) customer happiness and greatly deters future purchasing. It reduces sales and punishes those that actually do buy and pay real money for the content. Book publishers, repeat after me: DRM will cost you serious money to implement and it will do nothing to 'protect' your content. Remember: after a decade of stone-walling and criminalizing what consumers have always asked for, the big record labels have finally allowed most digital music retailers to remove the DRM and sell unprotected MP3s - and guess what: the retail of those MP3s has had zero impact on the issue of how many people 'file-share' music without permission. So, read my lips i.e. my RSS:the only protection you have is in the business model. Think bundles and flat-rates based on very personal, unlikely-to-share log-ins, the potential embedding of user-IDs and even some personal profile information into the purchase process as well as, possibly, into the file-metadata itself, and above all a powerful 'great price + service' policy that will make all those bad UI, lousy experience but free sharing sites obsolete. I also recommend to look at the concept of Social DRM.
There can only be one standard file format, and it needs to work on all devices. ePub looks good but DRM'ed ePub is a bad idea. As I said in my presentation at the eComm conference in Amsterdam, just yesterday: "the fastest way to economic suicide is to put walls around your content". Just like in digital music, where MP3 is what everyone has been using for the past 15 years, you need to go with an open, ubiquitous file format and not start a format war that will leave the consumers baffled and ill-served. The Kindle is nice, yes, but just like iTunes which is only now becoming DRM free it's a tightly walled garden that forces you to stay inside and enjoy yourself only within the existing confines. Now, for me, personally, if the pricing was drastically different maybe I wouldn't complain about the fact that I can't share these books, at all - maybe if I felt like I had some kind of real power as the consumer to influence how these economics works, maybe that would be OK. But the Kindle's paradigm is based on a 'take it or leave it' rule: expensive devices, delivery fees for each book that's purchased outside of the U.S., and eBook prices that are only slightly lower than the printed book...? This is certainly not going to get those digital natives excited about becoming a 'legal' user of eBooks.
The bottom line: don't worry so much about preventing sharing or copying. Offer more, cheaper, better and more connected services, get significantly more users at a much lower prices and re-invent your business model.
This is just a quick update since I have received quite a few mails and tweets asking where exactly my PDF from yesterday's eComm Europe event here in Amsterdam can be found. So... here it is! I will comment more on this event and speech topics, later.
Here is my presentation from the ACTE09 event in Prague, today, where I also had the great pleasure of meeting a very interesting fellow speaker and like-minded 'change agent', Michael Jackson, from South Africa, who served as MC for the whole event.
The topics of my presentation: how mobile and social media trends impact business,
in general, and the corporate travel industry, in particular; how the
social media and mobile Internet explosion is resulting in
unprecedented changes in communications and commerce. The need to
reduce CONTROL to get more SHARE is evident... but how can this be done
within large organizations? How can social media add value, and what
are the risks?
I just spend 2 very interesting days with the Trans-Atlantic Consumer Dialog people in Paris, for the new Paris Accord negotiations. I held a very short (yes...I can do that, too) presentation on the Future of Content - here is the PDF, below. Please feel free to reuse under the usual creative commons license (non-commercial, attribution). Download 6.5 MB PDF: New Content Logic Gerd Leonhard TACD
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